Elastic deformation is a type of reversible deformation in materials that occurs when they are subjected to stress. This deformation is characterized by the ability of the material to return to its original shape once the stress is removed. Elastic deformation occurs when the stress applied is within the elastic limit of the material, meaning that the material has not exceeded its yield point. In materials science and engineering, the study of elastic deformation is important for understanding the mechanical properties of materials and how they behave under different types of stress. This knowledge is crucial in designing structures and components that can withstand various loads and forces without permanent deformation or failure. Elastic deformation is often described by Hooke's Law, which states that the stress applied to a material is proportional to the resulting strain (deformation) within the elastic limit. This relationship is commonly represented by the formula stress = Young's modulus x strain. Overall, research in elastic deformation aims to better understand the behavior of materials under stress and to develop new materials and structures that can exhibit optimal elastic properties for specific applications.